Consonant

Declensions.—There are three declensions, which are named from the stems to which the case endings are attached.

1. First or Â-declension, with stems in ᾱ) Vowel Declension.

2. Second or O-declension, with stems in ο)

3. Third or Consonant declension, with stems in a consonant or in ι and υ.

The nominative and accusative are alike in the singular and plural of all neuter nouns. The nominative and vocative are alike in the plural.

According to the ending of the verb-stem, ω-verbs are termed:

1. Vowel (or pure) verbs:

a. Not contracted: those that end in υ or ι, as λῡ́-ω loose, παιδεύ-ω educate, χρῑ́-ω anoint. Such verbs retain the final vowel of the stem unchanged in all their forms.

b. Contracted: those that end in α, ε, ο, as τῑμῶ honour from τῑμά-ω, ποιῶ make from ποιέ-ω, δηλῶ manifest from δηλό-ω.

2. Consonant verbs, as:

Liquid or nasal verbs: δέρ-ω flay, μέν-ω remain.

Verbs ending in a stop (or mute), as ἄγ-ω lead, πείθ-ω persuade.

N.—Verbs ending in a stop consonant are called labial, dental, or palatal verbs. Consonant verbs do not retain the final consonant of the stem unchanged in all their forms. The final consonant may be assimilated to a following consonant, or may form with it a double consonant.