Topic · from the English index · as printed
Gender
See also Agreement
§§196–200DECLENSIONGender.—There are three genders: masculine, feminine, and neuter. a. Gender strictly marks sex-distinction. But in Greek, as in German and French, many inanimate objects are regard…
of first declension
§211FIRST DECLENSION (STEMS IN ᾱ)Stems in ᾱ are masculine or feminine. The feminine nominative singular ends in -ᾱ, -ᾰ, or -η; the masculine nominative singular adds -ς to the stem, and thus ends in -ᾱς or -ης.
of second declension
§228SECOND DECLENSION (STEMS IN ο)O stems in the nominative add -ς to the stem in masculines and feminines; -ν in neuters. The feminines, of which there are few, are declined like the masculines. In the neuters, no…
§232SECOND DECLENSION (STEMS IN ο)Feminines.—a. See 197 for νυός daughter-in-law; see 199 for νῆσος island (cp. 200 c), Δῆλος (the island of) Delos, Κόρινθος Corinth, φηγός (acornbearing) oak, ἄμπελος vine. b. Some…
of third declension
§255ACCENT, STEM FORMATION, QUANTITY, GENDERGender.—The gender of substantives of the third declension is frequently known by the last letters of the stem. 1. Masculine are stems ending in a. ντ: ὀδούς tooth (ὀδοντ-), δράκων…
different in singular and plural
§281IRREGULAR DECLENSIONThe gender in the singular and in the plural may not be the same: ὁ σῖτος grain, τὰ σῖτα; ὁ δεσμός chain, τὰ δεσμά chains (οἱ δεσμοί cases of imprisonment); τὸ στάδιον stade, race-…
agreement of adjective in
§925AGREEMENT: THE CONCORDSThere are three concords in simple sentences: 1. A finite verb agrees with its subject in number and person (949). 2. A word in apposition with another word agrees with it in case …
§1020ADJECTIVESConcord.—An adjective agrees with its substantive in gender, number, and case. This holds true also of the article, adjective pronouns, and participles: thus, A. Attributive: ὁ δίκ…
agreement of predicate substantive in
§974CONCORD OF PREDICATE SUBSTANTIVESA predicate substantive may agree in gender and number with its subject; but this is often impossible: τύχη τὰ θνητῶν πρᾱ́γματα the affairs of mortals are chance Trag. frag. p. 782…
peculiarities in use
§§1013–1015PECULIARITIES IN THE USE OF GENDERConstruction according to the Sense (926 a).—The real, not the grammatical, gender often determines the agreement: ὦ φίλτατ᾽, ὦ περισσὰ τῑμηθεὶς τέκνον O dearest, O greatly honoure…
agreement of predicate adjective and participle in
§§1044–1059WITH ONE SUBJECTA circumstantial participle (2054) referring to a collective noun (996) may be plural: τὸ στράτευμα ἐπορίζετο σῖτον κόπτοντες τοὺς βοῦς the army provided itself with provisions by …
agreement of relative pronoun in
§2501CONCORD OF RELATIVE PRONOUNSA relative pronoun agrees with its antecedent in gender, number, and person; its case is determined by the construction of the clause in which it stands. οὗτός ἐστιν ὁ ἀνὴρ δ̀ς ἦλθ…
§2502CONCORD OF RELATIVE PRONOUNSVariations from the law of agreement are, in general, the same as in the case of other pronouns (926). a. The construction according to sense (950, 1013) often occurs, as φίλον θάλ…