Infinitive

§357INFLECTION: PRELIMINARY REMARKS (355-380)Moods.—Four moods, the indicative, subjunctive, optative, imperative, are called finite, because the person is defined by the ending (366). The infinitive, strictly a verbal noun (…

§359INFLECTION: PRELIMINARY REMARKS (355-380)Tenses.—There are seven tenses in the indicative: present, imperfect, future, aorist, perfect, pluperfect, and future perfect. The future perfect commonly has a passive force, but …

§358INFLECTION: PRELIMINARY REMARKS (355-380)Verbal Nouns.—Verbal forms that share certain properties of nouns are called verbal nouns. There are two kinds of verbal nouns. 1. Substantival: the infinitive. N.—The infinitive i…

§1760THE MOODSThere are four moods proper in Greek: indicative, subjunctive, optative, and imperative. The infinitive (strictly a verbal noun) and the participle (strictly an adjective form of t…

§425 aACCENTInfinitives, participles, and verbal adjectives are verbal nouns (358), and hence do not regularly show recessive accent. a. Infinitives.—The following infinitives accent the penul…

§426 dACCENTExceptions to the recessive accent of compound verbs.—a. The accent cannot precede the augment or reduplication: ἄπειμι am absent, ἀπῆν was absent, εἰσ-ῆλθον they entered, ἀπ-ῆσαν …

§469ENDINGS OF THE INFINITIVE, PARTICIPLE, AND VERBAL ADJECTIVEInfinitive.—The following are the endings added to the tense-stem to make the infinitive. a. -εν: in present and 2 aorist active of ω-verbs, all futures active. Thus, λῡ́ειν, τῑμᾶν…

§632, 632 DPRESENT AND IMPERFECT ACTIVE AND MIDDLE (PASSIVE)Infinitive.—The present stem unites with -εν: λῡ́ε-εν = λῡ́ειν, λείπε-εν = λείπειν. In the middle (passive) -σθαι is added: λῡ́ε-σθαι, λείπε-σθαι. Severer Doric has ἔχην and ἔχεν; …

§752PRESENT AND IMPERFECT ACTIVE AND MIDDLE (PASSIVE)Present Infinitive.—The active adds -ναι, the middle -σθαι. δείκνῡμι admits the form δεικνύειν. Hom. has -μεναι or -ναι preceded by η in ἀήμεναι ἀῆναι from ἄημι blow, τιθήμεναι, κι…

§661FUTURE ACTIVE AND MIDDLE (532 ff.). FUTURE PERFECT (580 ff.)Infinitive.—The future infinitive active adds -εν, as λῡ́σειν from λῡ́σε-εν, φανεῖν from φανέ(σ)ε-εν. The infinitive middle adds -σθαι, as λῡ́σε-σθαι, φανεῖσθαι, from φανέ(σ)ε-σθαι…

§663FIRST AND SECOND FUTURE PASSIVE (589, 597)All verbs inflect the first and second future passive alike, that is, like the future middle.

§664FIRST AND SECOND FUTURE PASSIVE (589, 597)The indicative adds -μαι to the stem ending in -θησο- or -ησο-, as λυθήσο-μαι, φανή-σο-μαι. For the two forms of the second person singular see 628. The optative adds -ῑ-μην, as λυ…

§670FIRST AORIST ACTIVE AND MIDDLE (542)Infinitive.—The aorist active infinitive ends in -αι, which is an old dative: the middle ends in -σθαι: λῦσαι λῡ́σα-σθαι, φῆναι φήνα-σθαι, πλέξαι πλέξα-σθαι.

§677FIRST AND SECOND AORIST PASSIVE (585, 590)Infinitive.—-ναι is added to the tense-stem in -θη- or -η-: λυθῆ-ναι, φανῆ-ναι. Hom. has -μεναι, as ὁμοιωθήμεναι, δαήμεναι (and δαῆναι). Doric has -μεν, Aeolic -ν (μεθύσθην = μεθυσ…

§685SECOND AORIST ACTIVE AND MIDDLE (546)The infinitive adds -εναι, as γνῶναι from γνώ-εναι (like στῆναι from στή-εναι). In composition διαγνῶναι (426 d). Hom. has γνώμεναι, δῡ́μεναι, κτάμεναι, and -κτάμεν.

§760SECOND AORIST ACTIVE AND MIDDLESecond Aorist Infinitive.—The active adds -εναι in θεῖναι (θέ-εναι), στῆναι (στή-εναι), δοῦναι (δό-εναι), εἷναι (ἕ-εναι). The middle adds -σθαι, as θέ-σθαι. Hom. has θέμεναι, θέμεν…

§699FIRST AND SECOND PERFECT AND PLUPERFECT ACTIVE (555, 561)Infinitive.—The perfect infinitive adds -έ-ναι, as λελυκέναι, λελοιπέναι. Doric has -ην and -ειν, as δεδύκην = δεδυκέναι, γεγᾱ́κειν = γεγονέναι. Aeolic has -ην, as τεθνάκην.

§702SECOND PERFECTS OF THE μι-FORMA few ω-verbs form their second perfects in the dual and plural without α by adding the endings directly to the stem. Herein these forms agree with the second perfect of μι-verbs (…

§766FIRST AND SECOND PERFECT (AND PLUPERFECT) ACTIVEInfinitive and Participle.—ἑστάναι and ἑστώς are much more common than ἑστηκέναι and ἑστηκώς. Hom. has ἑστάμεναι and ἑστάμεν, ἑσταώς, -αότος. Hdt. has ἑστεώς, -εῶτος. Doric has -εῖ…

§599 hPERIPHRASTIC FORMSPerfect.—For the simple perfect and pluperfect periphrastic forms are often used. a. For the perfect or pluperfect active indicative the forms of the perfect active participle and …

§715PERFECT AND PLUPERFECT MIDDLE AND PASSIVE (574)Infinitive.—The perfect infinitive adds -σθαι, as λελύ-σθαι. Consonant stems lose the ς by 103, as λελεῖφθαι, πεπρᾶχθαι (406), ἐληλέγχθαι, πεφάνθαι (407).

§358. 1 N.INFLECTION: PRELIMINARY REMARKS (355-380)Verbal Nouns.—Verbal forms that share certain properties of nouns are called verbal nouns. There are two kinds of verbal nouns. 1. Substantival: the infinitive. N.—The infinitive i…

§469 N. 2ENDINGS OF THE INFINITIVE, PARTICIPLE, AND VERBAL ADJECTIVEInfinitive.—The following are the endings added to the tense-stem to make the infinitive. a. -εν: in present and 2 aorist active of ω-verbs, all futures active. Thus, λῡ́ειν, τῑμᾶν…

§670FIRST AORIST ACTIVE AND MIDDLE (542)Infinitive.—The aorist active infinitive ends in -αι, which is an old dative: the middle ends in -σθαι: λῦσαι λῡ́σα-σθαι, φῆναι φήνα-σθαι, πλέξαι πλέξα-σθαι.

§1473 aDATIVE AS DIRECT OR INDIRECT COMPLEMENT OF VERBSFor the dative of purpose (to what end?), common in Latin with a second dative (dono dare), Greek uses a predicate noun: ἐκείνῳ ἡ χώρᾱ δῶρον ἐδόθη the country was given to him as a…

§1969THE INFINITIVEThe infinitive was originally a verbal noun in the dative (in part possibly also in the locative) case. The use to express purpose (2008) is a survival of the primitive meaning, fr…

§936OMISSION OF THE SUBJECTSubject of the Infinitive.—The subject of the infinitive is in the accusative: ἐκέλευον αὐτοὺς πορεύεσθαι they ordered that they should proceed X. A. 4.2.1. a. See 1975. On the nom…

§937OMISSION OF THE SUBJECTOmission of the Subject of the Infinitive.—The subject of the infinitive is usually not expressed when it is the same as the subject or object (direct or indirect) of the principal…

§§1060–1062ATTRACTION OF PREDICATE NOUNS WITH THE INFINITIVE TO THE CASE OF THE OBJECT OF THE GOVERNING VERBWhen the subject of the infinitive is the same as a genitive or dative depending on the governing verb, it is often omitted.

§1223THE REFLEXIVE PRONOUNSἐμέ, σέ, not ἐμαυτόν, σεαυτόν, are generally used as subject of the infinitive: ἐγὼ οἶμαι καὶ ἐμὲ καὶ σὲ τὸ ἀδικεῖν τοῦ ἀδικεῖσθαι κάκῑον ἡγεῖσθαι I think that both you and I belie…

§1712ACTIVE VOICEAn infinitive limiting the meaning of an adjective is usually active where English employs the passive (cp. 2006).

§§1845–1849INFINITIVE AND PARTICIPLE WITH ἄνThe infinitive or participle with ἄν represents either a past tense of the indicative with ἄν or the optative with ἄν. The context determines whether the indicative or the optative…

§2023INFINITIVE AS OBJECT IN INDIRECT DISCOURSEThe infinitive with ἄν represents an indicative with ἄν or a potential optative with ἄν. See 1846, 1848, 1849, 2270.

§1865THE TENSES OUTSIDE OF THE INDICATIVEInfinitive (not in indirect discourse).—The tenses of the infinitive (without ἄν) not in indirect discourse have no time of themselves and express only the stage of the action; the…

§1866THE TENSES OUTSIDE OF THE INDICATIVEInfinitive (in indirect discourse).—The tenses of the infinitive in indirect discourse denote the same time relative to that of the leading verb (present, past, or future) as was d…

§1867THE TENSES OUTSIDE OF THE INDICATIVEa. Present = pres. indic.: φημὶ ταῦτα μὲν φλυᾱρίᾱς εἶναι I say this is nonsense ( = ἐστί) X. A. 1.3.18. b. Present = imperf. indic: Κτησίᾱς ῑ̓ᾶσθαι αὐτὸς τὸ τραῦμά φησι Ktesias ass…

§2019INFINITIVE AS OBJECT IN INDIRECT DISCOURSEEach tense of direct discourse is retained (with its proper meaning as regards stage of action) when it becomes infinitive in indirect discourse; but an imperfect is represented by…

§2595INDIRECT DISCOURSEClauses standing in indirect discourse are substantive clauses, and usually object of the leading verb; its subject, when that verb is passive or intransitive. The infinitive in su…

§1868THE TENSES OUTSIDE OF THE INDICATIVEThe construction of verbs of hoping, etc.—Verbs signifying to hope, expect, promise, threaten, swear, with some others of like meaning, when they refer to a future event, take eith…

§1999A. Object Infinitive after Verbs of Will or DesireVerbs signifying to hope, expect, promise, threaten , and swear, when followed by the aorist (less often the present) infinitive (1868), have the construction of verbs of will or d…

§2024INFINITIVE AS OBJECT IN INDIRECT DISCOURSEVerbs signifying to hope, expect, promise, threaten , and swear take the future infinitive in indirect discourse, and the aorist (less often the present) infinitive not in indirect…

§§1966–1970THE INFINITIVEThe infinitive is in part a verb, in part a substantive. a. Many substantives are closely related to verbs, but not all verbs can form substantives. All verbs can, however, form in…

§1966 bTHE INFINITIVEThe infinitive is in part a verb, in part a substantive. a. Many substantives are closely related to verbs, but not all verbs can form substantives. All verbs can, however, form in…

§1970THE INFINITIVEThe infinitive is used as subject, as predicate, and to supplement the meaning of words and clauses.

§1971THE INFINITIVEThe negative of the infinitive is μή; but οὐ, used with a finite mood in direct discourse, is retained when that mood becomes infinitive in indirect discourse. Sometimes, however, …

§§1972–1981SUBJECT AND PREDICATE NOUN WITH THE INFINITIVEIn general the subject of the infinitive, if expressed at all, stands in the accusative; when the subject of the infinitive is the same as the subject or object of the governing ve…

§1981SUBJECT AND PREDICATE NOUN WITH THE INFINITIVEThe construction of the accusative with the infinitive seems to have originated from the employment of the infinitive to complement the meaning of transitive verbs; as in κελεύω σε…

§1982PERSONAL AND IMPERSONAL CONSTRUCTIONInstead of an impersonal passive verb with the accusative and infinitive as subject, Greek often uses the personal passive construction, the accusative becoming the nominative, sub…

§1983PERSONAL AND IMPERSONAL CONSTRUCTIONThe personal constructions δοκῶ, ἔοικα (2089 c), δέω are regular instead of δοκεῖ, ἔοικε it seems, δεῖ it lacks (much or little). So with φαίνομαι for φαίνεται. δοκῶ γάρ μοι ἄδυνατ…

§2017 bINFINITIVE AS OBJECT IN INDIRECT DISCOURSEVerbs of saying are e.g.: say φημί, φάσκω, λέγω; confess ὁμολογῶ; promise ὑπισχνοῦμαι, ὑποδέχομαι, ἐπαγγέλλομαι, ὑφίσταμαι; pretend προσποιοῦμαι; swear ὄμνῡμι; deny ἀπαρνοῦμαι; gai…

§§1984–2024THE INFINITIVE WITHOUT THE ARTICLE: AS SUBJECT, PREDICATE, AND APPOSITIVEAs Subject.—The infinitive may be used as subject, especially with quasi-impersonal verbs and expressions (933 a). γράμματα μαθεῖν δεῖ to learn to read is necessary Men. Sent. 96, …

§1984THE INFINITIVE WITHOUT THE ARTICLE: AS SUBJECT, PREDICATE, AND APPOSITIVEAs Subject.—The infinitive may be used as subject, especially with quasi-impersonal verbs and expressions (933 a). γράμματα μαθεῖν δεῖ to learn to read is necessary Men. Sent. 96, …

§1985THE INFINITIVE WITHOUT THE ARTICLE: AS SUBJECT, PREDICATE, AND APPOSITIVESuch quasi-impersonal verbs and expressions are δεῖ it is necessary, χρή (properly a substantive with ἐστί omitted, 793) it is necessary, δοκεῖ it seems good, ἔστι it is possible, …

§1986THE INFINITIVE WITHOUT THE ARTICLE: AS SUBJECT, PREDICATE, AND APPOSITIVEAs Predicate.—In definitions the infinitive may be used as a predicate noun with ἐστί. τὸ γὰρ γνῶναι ἐπιστήμην λαβεῖν ἐστιν for to learn is to get knowledge P. Th. 209e.

§1987THE INFINITIVE WITHOUT THE ARTICLE: AS SUBJECT, PREDICATE, AND APPOSITIVEAs an Appositive.—The infinitive may stand in apposition to a preceding substantive, pronoun, or adverb. εἷς οἰωνὸς ἄριστος, ἀμῡ́νεσθαι περὶ πάτρης one omen is best, to fight for o…

§§1988–2024THE INFINITIVE WITHOUT THE ARTICLE: AS SUBJECT, PREDICATE, AND APPOSITIVEThe infinitive not in indirect discourse, and in indirect discourse, is often used as the object of a verb.

§§1991–1999A. Object Infinitive after Verbs of Will or DesireVerbs of will or desire (and their opposites) are often followed by an infinitive. The infinitive with a subject accusative denotes that something should (may) be or be done. The n…

§1869THE TENSES OUTSIDE OF THE INDICATIVEVerbs of will or desire (1991) regularly take the present or aorist infinitive not in indirect discourse; but in some cases we find the future infinitive by assimilation to indirec…

§2000B. Infinitive after Other VerbsThe infinitive follows many verbs, especially such as denote ability, fitness, necessity, etc. (and their opposites). οὐκέτι ἐδύνατο . . . βιοτεύειν he was no longer able to live T…

§§2001–2007C. Infinitive after Adjectives, Adverbs, and SubstantivesThe infinitive serves to define the meaning of adjectives, adverbs, and substantives, especially those denoting ability, fitness, capacity, etc. (and their opposites), and generall…

§2497ADJECTIVE CLAUSES (RELATIVE CLAUSES: 2488-2573)οἷος of such sort as to, proper for, and ὅσος of such amount as to, enough for, denote result and commonly take the infinitive (negative μή). καλόν τε (δοκεῖ) εἶναι ἡ ἐπιστήμη καὶ …

§2007C. Infinitive after Adjectives, Adverbs, and SubstantivesThe infinitive, with or without ὥστε or ὡς, may be used with ἤ than after comparatives, depending on an (implied) idea of ability or inability. ἢ ὥστε is more common than ἤ or ἢ ὡς…

§§2008–2011D. Infinitive of Purpose and ResultInfinitive of Purpose.—The infinitive may express purpose (usually only with verbs taking the accusative). ταύτην τὴν χώρᾱν ἐπέτρεψε διαρπάσαι τοῖς Ἕλλησιν he gave this land over t…

§2012E. Absolute InfinitiveCertain idiomatic infinitives are used absolutely in parenthetical phrases to limit the application of a single expression or of the entire sentence. a. Verbs of Saying.—ὡς ἔπος εἰ…

§2013F. Infinitive in Commands, Wishes, and ExclamationsInfinitive in Commands.—The infinitive may be used for the second person of the imperative. The person addressed is regarded as the subject. This infinitive is commoner in poetry t…

§2326 eThird Form of Conditions: MORE VIVID FUTURE CONDITIONSThe apodosis of the more vivid future condition is the future indicative or any other form of the simple sentence that refers to future time. a. Future Indicative: ἐᾱ̀ν ζητῇς καλῶς…

§2014F. Infinitive in Commands, Wishes, and ExclamationsInfinitive in Wishes.—The infinitive with a subject accusative may be used in the sense of the optative of wish, usually with the same ellipsis as in 2013 c. θεοὶ πολῖται, μή με δο…

§2015F. Infinitive in Commands, Wishes, and ExclamationsInfinitive in Exclamations.—The infinitive is often used in exclamations of surprise or indignation. The subject stands in the accusative. ἐμὲ παθεῖν τάδε that I should suffer this…

§2036OTHER USES OF THE ARTICULAR INFINITIVEIn Exclamation (cp. 2015).—Thus, τῆς τύχης· τὸ ἐμὲ νῦν κληθέντα δεῦρο τυχεῖν my ill-luck! that I should happen now to have been summoned hither! X. C. 2.2.3.

§2683EXCLAMATORY SENTENCES(II) By the infinitive (2015, 2036).

§§2016–2023INFINITIVE AS OBJECT IN INDIRECT DISCOURSEThe infinitive is used as the object of verbs of saying and thinking. Such infinitives denote both time and stage of action (cp. 1866). a. The finite verb of a sentence placed in d…

§2579DEPENDENT STATEMENTS INTRODUCED BY ὅτι OR ὡςSome verbs of saying are followed either by ὅτι or ὡς or by an infinitive (2017). In most cases the choice is optional with the writer. Affirmative clauses usually take the infinit…

§2580DEPENDENT STATEMENTS INTRODUCED BY ὅτι OR ὡςVerbs of thinking almost always take the infinitive (2018) but ὡς occurs; as with νομίζω T. 3.88 (2579), ἐλπίζω 5. 9, οἴομαι X. H. 6.3.12, ὑπολαμβάνω X. C. 8.3.40. ὅτι is very rare…

§2589INDIRECT DISCOURSEThe words or thoughts of a person may be quoted in direct or indirect form after verbs, or other expressions, of saying or thinking. a. In reporting a speech, in making a quotation…

§2592 aINDIRECT DISCOURSEThe constructions of indirect discourse are regulated by the character of the leading verb or expression. a. Verbs of saying take either ὅτι or ὡς and a finite verb or the infiniti…

§2018 aINFINITIVE AS OBJECT IN INDIRECT DISCOURSEVerbs of thinking almost always take the infinitive. Such are: think ἡγοῦμαι, οἴομαι, δοκῶ, νομίζω; hope ἐλπίζω; suppose ὑπολαμβάνω; suspect ὑποπτεύω; guess εἰκάζω; feel confident …

§2592 cINDIRECT DISCOURSEThe constructions of indirect discourse are regulated by the character of the leading verb or expression. a. Verbs of saying take either ὅτι or ὡς and a finite verb or the infiniti…

§§2123–2145VERBS TAKING EITHER THE PARTICIPLE OR THE INFINITIVESome verbs admit either the supplementary participle or the infinitive, sometimes with only a slight difference in meaning. Cases where the difference is marked are given below. (M…

§2582DEPENDENT STATEMENTS INTRODUCED BY ὅτι OR ὡςMany verbs take ὅτι (ὡς) or the participle either in indirect discourse or not in indirect discourse (2106-2115). Here the construction with the finite verb is less dependent than …

§2238OTHER CONSTRUCTIONS WITH VERBS OF FEARINGWith the Infinitive.—Verbs of fearing often take an object infinitive (present, future or aorist) with or without the article; and with or without μή (2741). Thus, φοβήσεται ἀδικεῖ…

§§2251–2272RESULT CLAUSES (CONSECUTIVE CLAUSES)There are two main forms of result clauses: ὥστε with the infinitive and ὥστε with a finite verb. With the infinitive, the negative is generally μή; with a finite verb, οὐ. On the …

§2279CLAUSES WITH ἐφ᾽ ᾧ AND ἐφ᾽ ᾧτε INTRODUCING A PROVISOἐφ᾽ ᾧ and ἐφ᾽ ᾧτε on condition that, for the purpose of take the infinitive or (less often) the future indicative, and may be introduced, in the principal clause, by the demonstrat…

§2350MODIFICATIONS OF THE APODOSISThe apodosis may be expressed in a participle or infinitive with or without ἄν as the construction may require; cp. 1846, 1848. αἰτεῖ αὐτὸν εἰς δισχῑλίους ξένους καὶ τριῶν μηνῶν μι…

§§2430–2440GENERAL RULE FOR πρίν BEFORE, UNTILπρίν is construed like other conjunctions meaning until except that it takes the infinitive as well as the indicative, subjunctive, and optative.

§§2453–2457πρίν WITH THE INFINITIVEπρίν takes the infinitive in Attic especially when the principal clause is affirmative. The infinitive must be used, even with negative clauses, when πρίν must mean only before (an…

§§2458–2461πρότερον ἤ, πρόσθεν ἤ, πρὶν ἤ, πάροςπρότερον ἤ sooner than, before is used especially in Herodotus and Thucydides. (a) With the indicative: οὐ πρότερον ἐνέδοσαν ἢ αὐτοὶ ἐν σφίσιν αὐτοῖς . . . ἐσφάλησαν they did not s…

§2516THE ANTECEDENT OF RELATIVE CLAUSESοὐδὲν οἷον (with the inf.) there is nothing like stands for οὐδέν ἐστι τοιοῦτον, οἷόν ἐστι. Thus, οὐδὲν οἷον τὸ αὐτὸν ἐρωτᾶν there is nothing like questioning him P. G. 447c.

§2545USE OF THE MOODS IN RELATIVE CLAUSESThe ordinary uses of the moods in relative clauses are as follows: a. The present and past tenses of the indicative without ἄν express a fact or the assumption of a fact. The futur…

§2576. 1DEPENDENT STATEMENTSDependent statements, or subordinate clauses stating that something is, are expressed in various ways: 1. By an infinitive, with or without an accusative (explained in 1972 ff., 20…

§2587 bDEPENDENT STATEMENTS INTRODUCED BY ὅτι OR ὡςVerbs of emotion (to rejoice, grieve, be angry, wonder, etc.) take ὅτι (ὡς) with a finite verb (negative οὐ), but more commonly the participle (2100) when the subject is not change…

§2600GENERAL PRINCIPLES OF INDIRECT DISCOURSEThe verb of simple and compound sentences, and of principal clauses of complex sentences, when introduced by a verb taking the infinitive or participle, passes into the infinitive …

§2604GENERAL PRINCIPLES OF INDIRECT DISCOURSEVerbs standing in subordinate clauses of sentences introduced by a leading verb requiring the participle or the infinitive, follow the rules of 2602, 2603.

§2611GENERAL PRINCIPLES OF INDIRECT DISCOURSEAll optatives with or without ἄν in the direct form are retained (with or without ἄν) in indirect discourse introduced by ὅτι or ὡς. After verbs requiring the participle or infinit…

§26162. Infinitive and ParticipleThe infinitive and participle are used in indirect discourse to represent the finite verb of direct discourse. ὑπώπτευον ἐπὶ βασιλέᾱ ἰέναι they suspected that they were to go again…

§2617COMPLEX SENTENCES IN INDIRECT DISCOURSEWhen a complex sentence passes into indirect discourse, its principal verb is treated like the verb of a simple sentence and stands either in a finite mood (after ὅτι or ὡς) or in …

§2628REMARKS ON THE CONSTRUCTIONS OF INDIRECT DISCOURSEIndirect discourse may be introduced by ὅτι (ὡς) and then pass into the infinitive as if the introductory verb had required the infinitive. ἡ δὲ ἀπεκρῑ́νατο ὅτι βούλοιτο μὲν ἅπαντα…

§2630REMARKS ON THE CONSTRUCTIONS OF INDIRECT DISCOURSEAn infinitive in indirect discourse may follow a sentence which merely involves the idea of indirect statement. ὁ δὲ αὐτοὺς εἰς Λακεδαίμονα ἐκέλευεν ἰέναι· οὐ γὰρ εἶναι κῡ́ριος αὐτ…

§2631REMARKS ON THE CONSTRUCTIONS OF INDIRECT DISCOURSEIn subordinate temporal and relative clauses the infinitive is often used for the indicative or optative by attraction to an infinitive standing in the principal clause after a ver…

§2633REMARKS ON THE CONSTRUCTIONS OF INDIRECT DISCOURSEThe idea conveyed by an imperative or a hortatory (or even deliberative) subjunctive of direct discourse may be set forth in the infinitive by a statement as to what ought to be. a…

§§2711–2727οὐ AND μή WITH THE INFINITIVEThe infinitive not in indirect discourse has μή; the infinitive in indirect discourse has οὐ, but sometimes μή. The articular infinitive has μή. On the use with μὴ οὐ see 2742 ff. …

§1971THE INFINITIVEThe negative of the infinitive is μή; but οὐ, used with a finite mood in direct discourse, is retained when that mood becomes infinitive in indirect discourse. Sometimes, however, …

§§2739–2749I. With the Infinitive depending on Verbs of Negative MeaningVerbs and expressions of negative meaning, such as deny, refuse, hinder, forbid, avoid, often take the infinitive with a redundant μή to confirm the negative idea of the leading ve…

§2744I. With the Infinitive depending on Verbs of Negative MeaningSummary of Constructions after Verbs of Hindering, etc. After verbs signifying (or suggesting) to hinder and the like, the infinitive admits the article τό or τοῦ (the ablatival ge…

§2759NEGATIVES WITH ὥστε AND THE INFINITIVEὥστε with the infinitive shows the following uses of the negatives. a. μή in ordinary result clauses including such as express an intended result; as πᾶν ποιοῦσιν ὥστε δίκην μὴ διδ…

§2966 bπλήνπλήν an adverb, is used (a) as a preposition with the genitive (1700) meaning except, save, when that which is excepted is a single substantival idea; (b) as a conjunction, except,…