Instrument of action

§842FORMATION OF SUBSTANTIVESINSTRUMENT OR MEANS OF ACTION The instrument or means of an action is expressed by the primary suffixes 1. τρο (nom. -τρο-ν, neut.): ἄρο-τρο-ν plough (ἀρό-ω plough), λύ-τρο-ν ranso…

§860. 3LIST OF NOUN SUFFIXESSUFFIXES WITH LIQUIDS (λ, ρ) 1. λο, λᾱ: primary, in φῦ-λο-ν race, φῡ-λή clan (φῡ́-ω produce), πῖ-λο-ς felt (Lat. pi-lu-s), ζεύγ-λη loop of a yoke (ζεύγ-νῡ-μι yoke); ἆθ-λο-ς contest…

§863 a 7LIST OF NOUN SUFFIXESSUFFIXES WITH DENTALS (τ, δ, θ) a. Suffixes with τ. 1. τ: primary, at the end of stems, as ἀ-γνώς, ἀ-γνῶ-τ-ος unknown (γι-γνώ-σκω know). 2. το, τᾱ: primary, in verbal adjectives in…

§§1503–1511INSTRUMENTAL DATIVEThe Greek dative, as the representative of the lost instrumental case, denotes that by which or with which an action is done or accompanied. It is of two kinds: (1) The instrumenta…

§1757PASSIVE VOICEThe dative, or a prepositional phrase, is regularly used with the passive to denote the instrument, means, or cause (1506). The agent may be viewed as the instrument: in prose, whe…

§1511INSTRUMENTAL DATIVE PROPERThe instrumental dative of means is often, especially in poetry, reinforced by the prepositions ἐν, σύν, ὑπό: ἐν λόγοις πείθειν to persuade by words S. Ph. 1393, οἱ θεοὶ ἐν τοῖς ἱε…

§1687. 1 cἐνἐν in (poetic ἐνί, εἰν, εἰνί), Lat. in with the abl., en-; opposed to εἰς into, ἐξ out of. On ἐν with the genitive by ellipsis, see 1302. 1. ἐν with the Dative (Locative) only a. L…

§1696. 1σύνσύν (Older Attic ξύν; cp. Ion. ξῡνός from κονιος = κοινός, Lat. cum) with. 1. σύν with the Instrumental Dative only. a. In standard (i.e. not Xenophontic) prose σύν has been almost…

§1600 aACCUSATIVE OF RESPECTTo verbs denoting a state, and to adjectives, an accusative may be added to denote a thing in respect to which the verb or adjective is limited. a. The accusative usually expresses…

§1684. 1 c (4)ἀπόἀπό (Lesb. etc. ἀπύ) from, off, away from; originally of separation and departure. Cp. Lat. ab, Eng. off, of. 1. ἀπό with the Genitive only a. Local: καταπηδήσᾱς ἀπὸ τοῦ ἵππου leap…

§1688. 1 cἐξ, ἐκἐξ, ἐκ out, out of, from, from within, opposed to ἐν, εἰς; cp. Lat. ex, e. As contrasted with ἀπό away from, ἐξ denotes from within. 1. ἐξ, ἐκ with the (Ablatival) Genitive only In…

§1756PASSIVE VOICEThe instrument of an action, when regarded as the agent, is personified, and may be expressed by ὑπό with the genitive: α<*>λίσκεται ὑπὸ τριήρους he is captured by a trireme D. 53.…