Object

Object.—A verb may have an object on which its action is exerted. The object is a substantive (or its equivalent, 908) in an oblique case. An object may be direct (in the accusative) or indirect (in the genitive or dative): Κῦρος δώσει ἓξ μνᾶς (direct) τῷ δούλῳ (indirect) Cyrus will give six minae to the slave, ἔλαβον τῆς ζώνης (indirect) τὸν Ὀρόντᾱν (direct) they took hold of Orontas by the girdle X. A. 1.6.10.

The case of an object common to two verbs is generally that demanded by the nearer: οὐ δεῖ τοῖς παιδοτρίβαις ἐγκαλεῖν οὐδ᾽ ἐκβάλλειν ἐκ τῶν πόλεων we must not accuse the trainer or banish him from the cities P. G. 460d.

a. The farther verb may contain the main idea: ἐπιτῑμᾷ καὶ ἀποδοκιμάζει τισί he censures some and rejects them at the scrutiny L. 6.33.

The construction is usually ruled by the participle, not by the finite verb, when they have a common object but different constructions, and especially when the object stands nearer the participle: τούτῳ δοὺς ἡγεμόνας πορεύεσθαι ἐκέλευσεν ἡσύχως having given him guides he ordered him to proceed quietly X. C. 5.3.53; and when the common object stands between, as προσπεσόντες τοῖς πρώτοις τρέπουσι falling upon the foremost they put them to flight T. 7.53.

a. Sometimes the finite verb regulates the construction, as καλέσᾱς παρεκελεύετο τοῖς Ἕλλησι he summoned the Greeks and exhorted them X. A. 1.8.11.

Purpose or Object.—The future (sometimes the present) participle is used to denote purpose, especially after verbs denoting to come, go, send, summon, etc. Thus, προπέμψαντες κήρῡκα πόλεμον προεροῦντα having sent a herald in advance to proclaim war T. 1.29, ὁ βάρβαρος ἐπὶ τὴν Ἑλλάδα δουλωσόμενος ἦλθεν the barbarians proceeded against Greece with the purpose of enslaving it 1. 18, συνεκάλεσαν ἀπὸ τῶν πόλεων ἁπᾱσῶν ἀκουσομένους (2052 a) τῆς παρὰ βασιλέως ἐπιστολῆς they summoned from all the cities men to listen to the letter from the king X. H. 7.1.39. Present: ἔπεμπον . . . λέγοντας ὅτι κτλ. they sent men to say that, etc. X. H. 2.4.37.