Topic · from the English index · as printed
Passive
forms those of middle except in aorist and future
§356 bINFLECTION: PRELIMINARY REMARKS (355-380)Voices.—There are three voices: active, middle, and passive. a. The middle usually denotes that the subject acts on himself or for himself, as λούομαι wash myself, ἀμῡ́νομαι defend…
§366 aINFLECTION: PRELIMINARY REMARKS (355-380)Endings.—The endings in the finite moods (357) show whether the subject is first, second, or third person; and indicate number and voice. See 462 ff. a. The middle has a different …
deponent
§356 cINFLECTION: PRELIMINARY REMARKS (355-380)Voices.—There are three voices: active, middle, and passive. a. The middle usually denotes that the subject acts on himself or for himself, as λούομαι wash myself, ἀμῡ́νομαι defend…
§811FORMS OF ONE VOICE IN THE SENSE OF ANOTHERPassive Deponents.—Deponent verbs whose aorists have the passive form but the active or middle meaning are called passive deponents; as βούλομαι wish, aor. ἐβουλήθην. The future is…
§812FORMS OF ONE VOICE IN THE SENSE OF ANOTHERIn the following list verbs marked * have a future passive form and also a future middle form; as διαλέγομαι converse, aor. διελέχθην conversed, fut. διαλέξομαι and διαλεχθήσομαι s…
first, system
§368STEMSThe Tense-stems.—The tenses fall into nine classes called tense-systems. Each tense-system has its own separate tense-stem. SYSTEMS. TENSES. I. Present, including present and imper…
§455TENSE-SUFFIXES, THEMATIC VOWEL, MOOD-SUFFIXESTense-Suffixes.—The tense-suffixes, which are added to the verb-stem to form the tense-stems, consist of the thematic vowel and certain other letters. No tense-suffixes are added t…
§§585–589FIRST AORIST PASSIVEThe stem of the first aorist passive is formed by adding -θη- (or -θε-) directly to the verb-stem: ἐ-λύ-θη-ν I was loosed, ἐ-φάν-θη-ν I was shown (φαίνω, φαν-), ἐ-δό-θη-ν I was giv…
second, system
§368STEMSThe Tense-stems.—The tenses fall into nine classes called tense-systems. Each tense-system has its own separate tense-stem. SYSTEMS. TENSES. I. Present, including present and imper…
§455TENSE-SUFFIXES, THEMATIC VOWEL, MOOD-SUFFIXESTense-Suffixes.—The tense-suffixes, which are added to the verb-stem to form the tense-stems, consist of the thematic vowel and certain other letters. No tense-suffixes are added t…
§§590–598SECOND AORIST PASSIVEThe stem of the second aorist passive is formed by adding -η- (or -ε-) directly to the verb-stem. Thus, ἐβλάβην I was injured from βλάπτω (βλαβ-). a. -η- appears in the indicative,…
aorist and future middle sometimes used with meaning of
§802PECULIARITIES IN THE USE OF THE VOICE-FORMS, ETC.For the passive voice the middle forms sufficed in most cases; many middle futures are still used passively (807, as ἀδικήσο- μαι shall be wronged; and traces of the passive use of…
§§807–809FORMS OF ONE VOICE IN THE SENSE OF ANOTHERFuture Middle with Passive Meaning.—In many verbs the future middle has the meaning of the future passive, as ἀδικέω wrong, ἀδικήσομαι shall be wronged.
§1737PASSIVE VOICEMany future middle forms are used passively (807 ff.).
§1738PASSIVE VOICEThe future middle forms in -σομαι are developed from the present stem, and express durative action; the (later) future passives in -ήσομαι, -θήσομαι are developed from the aorists …
middle passive
§§814–818FORMS OF ONE VOICE IN THE SENSE OF ANOTHERActive Verbs with Aorist Passive in a Middle Sense.—The aorist passive of some active verbs has a reflexive or middle sense, either sometimes or always. Thus εὐφραίνω gladden, ηὐφρ…
§1733MIDDLE VOICEThe passive form may have reflexive force, as κῑνηθῆναι set oneself in motion, ἀπαλλαγῆναι remove oneself, ἐναντιωθῆναι oppose oneself, σωθῆναι save oneself (σώθητι save yourself P…
§1742 bPASSIVE VOICEThe passive may be passive of the middle as well as passive of the active: αἱρεῖται is taken or is chosen, βιάζεται does violence or suffers violence (is forced), ᾑρέθη was taken o…
forms, with reflexive force
§1733MIDDLE VOICEThe passive form may have reflexive force, as κῑνηθῆναι set oneself in motion, ἀπαλλαγῆναι remove oneself, ἐναντιωθῆναι oppose oneself, σωθῆναι save oneself (σώθητι save yourself P…
uses
§§1735–1758PASSIVE VOICEThe passive voice represents the subject as acted on: ἐώθουν, ἐωθοῦντο, ἔπαιον, ἐπαίοντο they pushed, were pushed, they struck, were struck X. C. 7.1.38. a. The passive has been de…
origin
§1735 aPASSIVE VOICEThe passive voice represents the subject as acted on: ἐώθουν, ἐωθοῦντο, ἔπαιον, ἐπαίοντο they pushed, were pushed, they struck, were struck X. C. 7.1.38. a. The passive has been de…