Periphrastic forms

§405PERFECT AND PLUPERFECT MIDDLE (AND PASSIVE)In the perfect and pluperfect middle the third person plural of stems ending in a consonant or of stems adding ς consists of the perfect middle participle with εἰσί are (in the per…

§408EXPLANATION OF THE PERFECT AND PLUPERFECT FORMSThe periphrastic third plural is used instead of the forms derived directly from the union of the stem with the ending. Thus, γεγραμμένοι εἰσί is used for γεγραφ-νται which would b…

§599PERIPHRASTIC FORMSPerfect.—For the simple perfect and pluperfect periphrastic forms are often used. a. For the perfect or pluperfect active indicative the forms of the perfect active participle and …

§§707–710PERFECT AND PLUPERFECT MIDDLE AND PASSIVE (574)Indicative.—The perfect middle is inflected by adding the primary middle endings directly to the tense-stem, herein agreeing with the μι-conjugation. The pluperfect adds the second…

§714PERFECT AND PLUPERFECT MIDDLE AND PASSIVE (574)Instead of the simple forms of the imperative we find the periphrastic use of the perfect participle and ἴσθι, ἔστω, etc. (599 g). Thus εἰρημένον ἔστω = εἰρήσθω.

§583VII. PERFECT MIDDLE SYSTEMThe periphrastic construction (601) of the perfect middle (passive) participle with ἔσομαι may be used for the future perfect, as ἐψευσμένος ἔσομαι I shall have been deceived.

§601PERIPHRASTIC FORMSFuture Perfect Passive.—The future perfect passive may be expressed by using the perfect middle (passive) participle with ἔσομαι shall be. Thus, ἐψευσμένοι ἔσεσθε you will have bee…

§659 aFUTURE ACTIVE AND MIDDLE (532 ff.). FUTURE PERFECT (580 ff.)Indicative.—The future active and middle add the primary endings, and are inflected like the present; as λῡ́σω, λῡ́σομαι. On the two endings of the second singular middle, see 628.…

§584VII. PERFECT MIDDLE SYSTEMFuture Perfect Active.—The future perfect active of most verbs is formed periphrastically (600). Two perfects with a present meaning, ἕστηκα I stand (ἵστημι set) and τέθνηκα I am d…

§600PERIPHRASTIC FORMSFuture Perfect Active.—The future perfect active of most verbs is formed by combining the perfect active participle with ἔσομαι shall be. Thus, γεγραφὼς ἔσομαι I shall have written…

§659 aFUTURE ACTIVE AND MIDDLE (532 ff.). FUTURE PERFECT (580 ff.)Indicative.—The future active and middle add the primary endings, and are inflected like the present; as λῡ́σω, λῡ́σομαι. On the two endings of the second singular middle, see 628.…

§1955 bFUTURE PERFECTThe future perfect denotes a future state resulting from a completed action: ἀναγεγράψομαι I shall stand enrolled, δεδήσεται he shall be kept in prison; ἡ θύρᾱ κεκλῄσεται the door …

§599PERIPHRASTIC FORMSPerfect.—For the simple perfect and pluperfect periphrastic forms are often used. a. For the perfect or pluperfect active indicative the forms of the perfect active participle and …

§§690–701FIRST AND SECOND PERFECT AND PLUPERFECT ACTIVE (555, 561)Indicative.—Originally the endings were added to the stem without any thematic vowel. Of this unthematic formation a few traces survive (573). In the 2 p. sing. the ending is -ς, b…