Raining

Instrument or Means.—ἔβαλλέ με λίθοις he hit me with stones L. 3.8, ῑ̔́ησι τῇ ἀξῑ́νῃ he hurls his ax at him (hurls with his ax) X. A. 1.5.12, ταῖς μαχαίραις κόπτοντες hacking them with their swords 4. 6. 26, οὐδὲν ἤνυε τούτοις he accomplished nothing by this D. 21.104, ἐζημίωσαν χρήμασιν they punished him by a fine T. 2.65, ῡ̔́οντος πολλῷ (ὕδατι) during a heavy rain X. H. 1.1.16 (934). So with δέχεσθαι: τῶν πόλεων οὐ δεχομένων αὐτοὺς ἀγορᾷ οὐδὲ ἄστει, ὕδατι δὲ καὶ ὅρμῳ as the cities did not admit them to a market nor even into the town, but (only) to water and anchorage T. 6.44. Often with passives: ᾠκοδομημένον πλίνθοις built of bricks X. A. 2.4.12.

a. The instrumental dative is often akin to the comitative dative: ἀλώμενος νηί τε καὶ ἑτάροισι wandering with his ship and companions λ 161, νηυσὶν οἰχήσονται they shall go with their ships Ω 731, θῡμῷ καὶ ῥώμῃ τὸ πλέον ἐναυμάχουν ἢ ἐπιστήμῃ they fought with passionate violence and brute force rather than by a system of tactics T. 1.49.

b. Persons may be regarded as instruments: φυλαττόμενοι φύλαξι defending themselves by pickets X. A. 6.4.27. Often in poetry (S. Ant. 164).

c. Verbs of raining or snowing take the dative or accusative (1570 a).