Topic · from the English index · as printed
Subject
defined
§902DEFINITIONSEvery complete sentence must contain two members: 1. The Subject: the person or thing about which something is said. 2. The Predicate: what is said about the subject. Thus, τὸ θέρο…
a substantive or equivalent
§907SYNTAX OF THE SIMPLE SENTENCEThe subject of a sentence is a substantive or one of its equivalents.
§908SYNTAX OF THE SIMPLE SENTENCEEquivalents of the Substantive.—The function of the substantive may be assumed by a pronoun, adjective (in masculine and feminine more frequently with the article), numeral, partic…
expanded
§923EXPANSION OF THE SIMPLE SENTENCEExpansion of the Subject.—The subject may be expanded: A. By amplification: Ξενίᾱς καὶ Πᾱσίων ἀπέπλευσαν Xenias and Pasion sailed away. B. By qualification: 1. By an attributive ad…
of finite verb
§927THE SUBJECTThe subject of a finite verb is in the nominative: Κῦρος ἐβόᾱ Cyrus called out.
§938CASE OF THE SUBJECT: THE NOMINATIVEThe nominative is the case of the subject; the oblique cases, with the exception of the adnominal genitive (1290 ff.) and adnominal dative (1502), are complements of the predicate.
§939CASE OF THE SUBJECT: THE NOMINATIVEThe nominative is the case of the subject of a finite verb and of a predicate noun in agreement with the subject. Πρόξενος παρῆν Proxenus was present X. A. 1.2.3, Κλέαρχος φυγὰς ἦν…
nominative, replaced
§928THE SUBJECTThe subject nominative may be replaced a. By a prepositional phrase in the accusative: ἐνθῡμεῖσθε καθ᾽ ἑκάστους τε καὶ ξύμπαντες consider individually and all together T. 7.64. b. …
nominative, omitted
§§929–937OMISSION OF THE SUBJECTAn unemphatic pronoun of the first or second person is generally omitted: λέγε τὸν νόμον read the law (spoken to the clerk of the court) D. 21.8.
of infinitive
§936OMISSION OF THE SUBJECTSubject of the Infinitive.—The subject of the infinitive is in the accusative: ἐκέλευον αὐτοὺς πορεύεσθαι they ordered that they should proceed X. A. 4.2.1. a. See 1975. On the nom…
§§1972–1981SUBJECT AND PREDICATE NOUN WITH THE INFINITIVEIn general the subject of the infinitive, if expressed at all, stands in the accusative; when the subject of the infinitive is the same as the subject or object of the governing ve…
accusative, omitted
§937OMISSION OF THE SUBJECTOmission of the Subject of the Infinitive.—The subject of the infinitive is usually not expressed when it is the same as the subject or object (direct or indirect) of the principal…
use of nominative as
§§938–943CASE OF THE SUBJECT: THE NOMINATIVEThe nominative is the case of the subject; the oblique cases, with the exception of the adnominal genitive (1290 ff.) and adnominal dative (1502), are complements of the predicate.
and predicate, concord
§925AGREEMENT: THE CONCORDSThere are three concords in simple sentences: 1. A finite verb agrees with its subject in number and person (949). 2. A word in apposition with another word agrees with it in case …
§§949–972CONCORD OF SUBJECT AND PREDICATEA finite verb agrees with its subject in number and person. Thus, τοῦτο τὸ ψήφισμα ἐγένετο this bill was passed L. 13.56, ὃ δέδοικ᾽ ἐγὼ μὴ πάθηθ᾽ ῡ̔μεῖς which I fear lest you may s…
singular, with verb in plural
§§950–953Subject in the Singular, Verb in the PluralWith singular collective substantives (996) denoting persons and with like words implying a plural, the verb may stand in the plural. Thus, τὸ στρατόπεδον ἐν αἰτίᾳ ἔχοντες τὸν Ἆγιν…
dual, with verb in plural
§§954–957Subject in the Dual, Verb in the PluralThe first person dual agrees in form with the first person plural (462).
plural, with verb in singular
§§958–961Subject in the Plural, Verb in the SingularA neuter plural subject is regarded as a collective (996), and has its verb in the singular: καλὰ ἦν τὰ σφάγια the sacrifices were propitious X. A. 4.3.19. N.—The neuter plural see…
plural, with verb in dual
§962Subject in the Plural, Verb in the DualA plural subject may take a dual verb when the subject is a pair or two pairs: αἱ ἵπποι δραμέτην the span of mares ran Ψ 392. a. This is common when δύο, ἄμφω, ἀμφότεροι are used w…
two or more
§§963–972WITH TWO OR MORE SUBJECTS(I) When the subjects are different individuals or things and stand in the third person
infinitive as
§1984THE INFINITIVE WITHOUT THE ARTICLE: AS SUBJECT, PREDICATE, AND APPOSITIVEAs Subject.—The infinitive may be used as subject, especially with quasi-impersonal verbs and expressions (933 a). γράμματα μαθεῖν δεῖ to learn to read is necessary Men. Sent. 96, …
§1985THE INFINITIVE WITHOUT THE ARTICLE: AS SUBJECT, PREDICATE, AND APPOSITIVESuch quasi-impersonal verbs and expressions are δεῖ it is necessary, χρή (properly a substantive with ἐστί omitted, 793) it is necessary, δοκεῖ it seems good, ἔστι it is possible, …
§2016 aINFINITIVE AS OBJECT IN INDIRECT DISCOURSEThe infinitive is used as the object of verbs of saying and thinking. Such infinitives denote both time and stage of action (cp. 1866). a. The finite verb of a sentence placed in d…
§2021INFINITIVE AS OBJECT IN INDIRECT DISCOURSEThe infinitive is the subject of the passive of verbs of saying and thinking (1982 a). So with δοκεῖ it seems, φαίνεται it is plain, etc.
of dependent clause, made object of verb of principal clause
§2189CLASSES OF SUBORDINATE CLAUSESSubordinate clauses are of three classes: 1. Substantival clauses: in which the subordinate clause plays the part of a substantive and is either the subject or the object: δῆλον ἦν…