respect

The dative of manner may denote the particular point of view from which a statement is made. This occurs chiefly with intransitive adjectives but also with intransitive verbs (Dative of Respect). (Cp. 1600.)

ἀνὴρ ἡλικίᾳ ἔτι νέος a man still young in years T. 5.43, τοῖς σώμασι τὸ πλέον ἰσχῡ́ουσα ἢ τοῖς χρήμασιν a power stronger in men than in money 1. 121, ἀσθενὴς τῷ σώματι weak in body D. 21.165, τῇ φωνῇ τρᾱχύς harsh of voice X. A. 2.6.9, φρονήσει διαφέρων distinguished in understanding X. C. 2.3.5, τῶν τότε δυνάμει προύχων superior in power to the men of that time T. 1.9, ὀνόματι σπονδαί a truce so far as the name goes 6. 10.

a. The accusative of respect (1600) is often nearly equivalent to the dative of respect.

The accusative of respect is employed

a. Of the parts of the body: ὁ ἄνθρωπος τὸν δάκτυλον ἀλγεῖ the man has a pain in his finger P. R. 462d, τυφλὸς τά τ᾽ ὦτα τόν τε νοῦν τά τ᾽ ὄμματ᾽ εἶ blind art thou in ears, and mind, and eyes S. O. T. 371, πόδας ὠκὺς Ἀχιλλεύς Hom.

N.—The accusative of the part in apposition to the whole (985) belongs here, as is seen by the passive. Cp. τὸν πλῆξ᾽ αὐχένα him he smote on the neck Λ 240 (βάλε θοῦρον Ἄρηα κατ᾽ αὐχένα Φ 406) with βέβληαι κενεῶνα thou art smitten in the abdomen E 284.

b. Of qualities and attributes (nature, form, size, name, birth, number, etc.): διαφέρει γυνὴ ἀνδρὸς τὴν φύσιν woman differs from man in nature P. R. 453b, οὐδὲ ἔοικεν θνητᾱ̀ς ᾱ̓θανάτῃσι δέμας καὶ εἶδος ἐρίζειν nor is it seemly that mortal women should rival the immortals in form and appearance ε 213, ποταμός, Κύδνος ὄνομα, εὖρος δύο πλέθρων a river, Cydnus by name, two plethra in width X. A. 1.2.23 (so with ὕψος, βάθος, μέγεθος), πλῆθος ὡς δισχῑ́λιοι about two thousand in number 4. 2. 2, λέξον ὅστις εἶ γένος tell me of what race thou art E. Bacch. 460.

c. Of the sphere in general: δεινοὶ μάχην terrible in battle A. Pers. 27, γένεσθε τὴν διάνοιαν transfer yourselves in thought Aes. 3.153, τὸ μὲν ἐπ᾽ ἐμοὶ οἴχομαι, τὸ δ᾽ ἐπὶ σοὶ σέσωσμαι so far as I myself was concerned I was lost, but through you am saved X. C. 5.4.11. Often of indefinite relations: πάντα κακός base in all things S. O. T. 1421, ταῦτα ἀγαθὸς ἕκαστος ἡμῶν, ἅπερ σοφός, ἃ δὲ ἀμαθής, ταῦτα δὲ κακός each one of us is good in matters in which he is skilled, but bad in those in which he is ignorant P. Lach. 194d.

Very rarely after substantives: χεῖρας αἰχμητής a warrior valiant with (thy) arm π 242, νεᾱνίαι τᾱ̀ς ὄψεις youths by their appearance L. 10.29.

For the acccusative of respect the instrumental dative (1516) is also employed, and also the prepositions εἰς, κατά, πρός, e.g. διαφέρειν ἀρετῇ or εἰς ἀρετήν.

Not to be confused with the accusative of respect is the accusative after intransitive adjectives (1565) or after the passives of 1632.

The accusative of respect is probably in its origin, at least in part, an accusative of the internal object.